PURPOSE OF THE PROGRAMME

The degree programme is designed to achieve the following objectives:  

1.1   To develop clearer images of our past, our heritage and appreciate the change the world is going through.

1.2   To help us sharpen our critical acumen, think, reflect, make decisions as well as appreciate the great things that have been done in the past (as well as the mistakes) within the framework of our heritage.

1.3   To shape a Zimbabwean student who engages in scholarship, starting from a Zimbabwean and African heritage perspective.

1.4   To engage students intellectually and professionally in the critical analysis of cultural and heritage issues pertinent to the needs of the 21st Century.

1.5 To develop students who can turn history and heritage knowledge into goods and services.

 

Normal Entry

For entry into the Honours in History and Heritage Studies, candidates must satisfy the normal entry requirements specified in the Faculty Regulations and the General Regulations. In so doing, they must satisfy the following requirements: Must have obtained at least five ‘O’ Level passes or their equivalent, including English Language, History and Heritage Studies.  Must have obtained a pass in History or Heritage Studies at ‘A’ Level and at least ONE of the following subjects or their equivalent:

  Economics, Geography, Political Economy, Law, Divinity, Sociology, Literature in   English, Shona, Ndebele or any other African Language

 

2.2 Special Entry

     Refer to Section 3.2 of the General Academic Regulations for Undergraduate degree

     Programmes.

2.3 Mature Entry

     Refer to Section 3.3 of the General Academic Regulations for Undergraduate degree

     Programmes.

Graduates of History and Heritage Studies will be able to pursue a variety of career options in administration, public leadership, research and consultancy and post- secondary teaching. They can be Archivists, Curators, Museum Workers, Reporters, Correspondents, and Broadcast News Analysts, MA and PhD studies in History and Heritage Studies

5.0 PROGRAMME DELIVERY

Online lectures, face-to-face lectures, tutorials, seminars, field research, group work, work- related learning, research projects, and individual independent study

PROGRAMME STRUCTURE

Code            Module Description                                                              Credits

Level 1 Semester 1

*HHSH 130 Research Methods in History and Heritage Studies                             12

*HHSH 131 Pre-colonial History of Southern Africa                                           12

*HHSH 132 Introduction to History and Heritage Studies                                  12

HHSH 133   Introduction to African Indigenous Knowledge Systems                      12

CS 131         Basic Communication Skills                                                         12

HCS 135      Introduction to Information Technology                                         12

Level 1 Semester 2

*HHSH 140 History of Zimbabwe to 1890                                                         12

HHSH 141   African Philosophy and Thought                                                       12

*HHSH 142 The Rock Art of Africa                                                                     12

*HHSH 143 African Cultures and Heritage                                                            12

*HHSH 144 The Colonial Heritage                                                                            12

*CS 132       Extended Communication Skills                                                    12

Electives

*HHSH 145 China since the Communist Revolution                                             12

Level 2

At Level 2, students are expected to study at least five modules per semester

Level 2 Semester 1

*HHSH 231 Women and African Heritage                                                            12

*HHSH 232 African Liberation Heritage                                                                    12

*HHSH 233 Zimbabwean History Independence                                                   12

*HHSH 234 History and Theories of Heritage Management                                    12

*HHSH 235 Historiography and Historical Methods                                          12

*ENT 131    Entrepreneurship                                                                              12

Electives                 

*HHSH 236 Growth and Development of East Asian Economies                           12

*HHSH 237 Southern Africa since the Minerals Revolution                                 12

Level 2 Semester 2

*HHSH 241 Cultural Heritage, Tourism and Development                                 12

*HHSH 242 Heritage Inventorying and Archiving                                               12

*HHSH 243 African Environmental Heritage                                                        12

*HHSH 244 African Dance and Music                                                                  12

*HHSH 245 Medical History in Africa                                                                  12               

Electives                 

*HHSH 246 The Military and Governance in Africa                                              12

*HHSH 247 Demography, Land and Agrarian Studies in Africa                             12

*Level 3 Semester 1 Work -Related Learning

HHSH 300   Student’s Work- Related Placement Report                                        15

Level 3 Semester 2: Work- Related Learning

HHSH 301   Student’s Work-Related Learning Report                                           45

HHSH 302   Academic Supervisor’s Assessment Report                                        45

HHSH 303   Employer’s Assessment Report                                                     30

Students in the fourth level are expected to do at least five modules in the first semester and three modules plus a dissertation in the second semester.

Level 4 Semester 1                                                         

*HHSH 431 Heritage Based Philosophy                                                          12

*HHSH 432 Culture, Heritage and Intellectual Property Rights                               12

*HHSH 433 Indigenous Knowledge Systems in Africa                                      12

*HHSH 434 Heritage Management and Sustainable Development                          12

*HHSH 435 African Spirituality and Heritage                                                        12

Elective

HHSH 436   Africa in the 21st Century                                                                  12

 

Level 4 Semester 2

*HHSH 441 Conflict and Crisis Management in Africa                                           12

*HHSH 442 Constitutionalism, Democracy and Human Rights in Africa                12

*HHSH 443 Marketing Cultural Heritage                                                        12

*HHSH 445 Research Project                                                                           24

Elective

HHSH 444   Zimbabwean History since Independence                                           12

MODULE SYNOPSES

HHSH 130 Research Methods in History and Heritage Studies

The module focuses on addressing the development of core research skills for history and heritage studies. This module forms the basis for research skills and takes students through the sources of history, applying source criticism and delineating the strengths and weaknesses of each source of history. Writing skills fundamental to valid historical scholarship are taught. By the end of the course, students will be acquainted with major aspects of the discipline and its practice.

HHSH131 Pre-colonial History of Southern Africa

This module compares and contrasts the archaeological traditions in Southern Africa, with a particular focus on Zimbabwe. The course traces the development of human societies, from foragers of the Early to Middle Pleistocene, through gatherers and hunters of the Middle, Late and Terminal Pleistocene, and the Holocene within Southern Africa. A review is made of the evidence from Southern Africa that suggests that Southern Africa is the Cradle of Humankind responsible for the development and/or advent of modern human beings and modern human behaviour. The module also assesses the level of archaeological development in each of these countries in terms of research done, the archaeological infrastructure, public education with regard to the past, and the use of the past in shaping the present and future.

HHSH 132 Introduction to History and Heritage Studies

This module is an introduction to the themes and methods of history and critical heritage studies as an interdisciplinary field of study. It introduces what cultural heritage is and exposes students to the country’s cultural property, thus the tangible and intangible attributes of society, inherited from the past, maintained in the present and bestowed for social, economic and political advancement. Students are introduced to the identity, preservation and safeguarding of African and Zimbabwean values (ubuntu/hunhu) and heritage in its diverse forms. It enables students to be able to demonstrate the relationship between heritage, contemporary and global challenges. It also fosters the ability to reflect on the role of historical and social context in contemporary problems related to cultural heritage and describe how they are approached and managed.

HHSH 133 Introduction to African Indigenous Knowledge Systems

This module serves as an introduction to IKS in general. It discusses the various definitions of IKS and makes a survey of a variety of knowledge forms of the indigenous people that range from the social to the scientific as well as from the religious to the political. In this module, indigenous education practices and the means through which education is imparted to the younger generations are explored, together with how oral art as a formof education media can be tapped into for the financial benefit of the indigenous communities from which they come out. The module also examines the interface between IKS and Indigenous religion as well as the contribution of IKS in defining the African being. It also discusses how IKS can be managed and integrated into the school system.

CS131 Basic Communication Skills

Refer to Faculty of Arts and Humanities Regulations for Undergraduate Degrees of the Midlands State University.

HCS135 Introduction to Information Technology

.HHSH 140 History of Zimbabwe 1890- 1980

The module is a survey of Zimbabwe’s social and economic developments since the Early Iron Age, and then examines the origins and socio-economic structure of the early and later Shona states. Some of the states covered include Great Zimbabwe, Mutapa State, Torwa, Rozvi and Ndebele states.  It ends with a discussion of the Nguni conquests of the 19th Century and the period of Treaties and Concessions with different white settlers, culminating in the colonisation. The module also covers the period from the establishment of colonial rule to the present.  It discusses, among other issues, the establishment of the colonial settler economy, capitalist development; land apportionment and African dispossession; urbanisation and the growth of the manufacturing sector, trade unions and the beginnings of nationalism; the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland; UDI and sanctions as well as the War of Liberation.   For the postcolonial period, the focus is on reconstruction and the socialist experiment, the land question and rural development, the role of transnational corporations and NGOs, as well as the genesis and impact of ESAP on the social and economic fabric of Zimbabwean society.

HHSH 141 African Philosophy and Thought

The module empowers students with arguments on debates on African philosophy that have been dominated by Eurocentric minds whose arguments were riddled with prejudices and chauvinism. This module also aims to record, deconstruct and reconstruct the principles of the philosophy of the Africans in a genuine and objective way. The module also focuses on reclaiming African dignity and its lost glory. It underscores critical thinking by Africans on their experiences in the world in which they live. It is a response to debates that questioned the existence of African philosophy. In these debates, Eurocentric scholars openly made pronouncements and claims against Africans’ ability to reason and philosophise. Areas of emphasis are the concept of African cosmology, Unhu/ Ubuntu, values, and the African philosophy debate. A critical interpretation, analysis and evaluation of these issues cultivates critical thinking in students making them understand who they are, why they are, where they are and their African human dignity in the contemporary world.

HHSH 142 The Rock Art of Africa

This module explores the earliest rock art found in the southern region of Africa which was done by the hunter-gatherer San/Bushmen communities, precisely in countries like Zimbabwe, South Africa, Lesotho, Swaziland, Mozambique, Zambia, Malawi and Namibia). It explores the strategies which rock art specialists in Southern Africa have used in the conservation, treatment and interpretation of this special kind of heritage. It helps the learners appreciate that through the study of rock art, scholars can deduce the social life, political organisations and economic activities of the groups that made the art. This module also highlights the authors of the art, rock art traditions, the nature of rock art (engravings and paintings), painting styles (polychrome, bi-chrome, shaded polychrome and monochrome), dating methods and the meanings that have so far been proffered for rock art.

HHSH 143 African Cultures and Heritage

This module explores African cultures and heritage with particular reference to Zimbabwe. It defines and contextualises the African people of Zimbabwe, their cultures, heritage and philosophies of life. The module also aims to sensitise Africans and Zimbabweans in particular to appreciate their cultures as resources for development. The rich and sacred heritage of Africa is of particular interest with a view to cultivate critical consciousness for the nation. The module emphasises understanding and appreciating different African cultures and heritage. It carries an agenda that is in sync with decolonisation and an African renaissance

HHSH 144 The Colonial Heritage

This course aims to unravel the colonial experiences and all the injustices that came packaged withthem . It highlights the institutions and organisational structures that accompanied the settler rule, bringing out the various ways by which they all worked towards achieving the imperialists’ dream in Africa. The settler aspiration was to maximise exploitation of resources and accumulation of wealth. The courses highlight the brainwashing, marginalisation, dehumanisation and displacement of the indigenous people from their habitable and productive land or areas of settlement. This module also walks students through the colonial experiences of the Zimbabwean communities. It will trace colonialism from the Berlin conference right up to the attainment of Independence in 1980. Development that occurred in the post -independent nation will be highlighted. Major historical events such as the establishment of ESAP, the land revolution, and reforms in other key areas such as mining will be placed under the spotlight.

HHSH 145 China since the Communist Revolution

The module grapples with the political, economic and social developments that were obtained in China in the aftermath of the Communist Revolution.  Issues relating to China’s relations with the Soviet Bloc, the Western World and Africa will also be analysed. The values and norms established since the Chinese revolution are considered a heritage that has seen the country’s stability socially, economically and politically.

CS132 Extended Communication Skills

Refer to Faculty of Arts and Humanities Regulations for Undergraduate Degrees of the Midlands State University.

HHSH 231 Women and African Heritage

The module explores the experience of African women in relation to heritage since the pre-colonial period. It introduces students to basic concepts and approaches to gender relations and how this has affected women in their spheres of life. This module examines how some religious and cultural practices enhance human life and how some are misused to deny rights. It demonstrates that culture and tradition are not static but open to re-interpretation, reinvention or re-imagining.

HHSH 232 African Liberation Heritage

This module is a study of the history and legacy of the liberation of Africa from the period of the independence movements through to the 21st century. It underscores the contribution of the African people and their institutions to the liberation of the continent and the heritage born out of the struggle. It takes the students from the period of the early signs of resistance against colonial rule up to the full-fledged wars of liberation. The great thinkers who championed the emancipation process and their ideas are to be interrogated. The legacy created out of the emancipation process shall be studied i.e.  the land, detention camps, heroes, monuments as well as the independence itself. The heritage shall also be studied in relation to the global and changing world to keep heritage institutions technologically current and relevant in these changing times. The module is designed to impart to students the African ethos and values that shape and mould the African world view. It also equips students with the requisite skills and expertise to protect their hard-won independence and legacy.

HISH 233 Zimbabwean History to Independence

The module focuses on the social, economic and political developments since independence. The achievements and failures of the post-colonial government are discussed with the view of building upon these issues for the achievement of a prosperous Zimbabwe. Historical and heritage approaches will be emphasised to examine the trajectories of the country with regard to its history, culture and heritage. Heroes and heroines and their contributions to the country will be discussed. By the end of the course, students are expected to be able to appreciate the successes and challenges the country has been facing since independence and be able to suggest possible solutions to the country’s predicaments.

HHSH 234 History and Theories of Heritage Management

The module covers the development of African heritage institutions and future perspectives. Areas to be covered include how museums are established, institutional frameworks in which African museums are operating, museum structure and the legal context. Emphasis will be on the African museum practice. African Cultures and Heritage This module explores African cultures and heritage with particular reference to Zimbabwe. It defines and contextualises the African people of Zimbabwe, their cultures, heritage and philosophies of life. The module also aims to sensitise Africans and Zimbabweans in particular to appreciate their cultures as resources for development. The rich and sacred heritage of Africa is of particular interest to cultivate critical consciousness for the nation. The module emphasises understanding and appreciating different African cultures and heritage. It carries an agenda that is in sync with decolonisation and an African renaissance.

HHSH 235 Historiography and Historical Methods

The module introduces students to philosophical ideas and theories which found expression in history.  This is a survey of the critical method of studying and understanding history from Renaissance and Enlightenment historiography to the specific interpretative strategies for the study of historical texts.  The precursors of modern critical methods/theories such as Kant, Hegel, St Augustine and Descartes will form the background material.  Overall, the module aims to develop the techniques of formal appreciation and criticism of historical works.

ENT 131 Entrepreneurship 1

HHSH 236 Growth and Development of East Asian Economies

East Asia refers to countries including mainland China, Japan, South Korea, Singapore, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Macau. These are countries which as late as the mid-twentieth century remained non-industrial and poverty-stricken, but starting from the 1960s most of them defied an array of socio-political challenges and achieved a modern economic take-off which made East Asia one of the most important economic success stories now referred to as the “East Asian Economic miracle.” There is no doubt that East Asia is now one of the most economically prosperous and technologically advanced regions in the world. This module therefore grapples with conflicting perspectives and insights behind the East Asian economic miracle. It analyses the set of factors and strategies which made this rate of economic growth possible. This is therefore a study of how each of these nations including the Four Tigers, achieved this feat over such a short space of time. Over and above all, students will be expected to see what lessons African nations can draw from the experiences of the East Asian countries.

HHSH 237 Southern Africa since the Minerals Revolution

The module covers the history of Southern Africa starting from the Minerals Revolution. It covers all countries in the Southern African region which include Angola, Botswana, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe. The module examines the experiences of African and white societies in the region since the discovery and exploitation of minerals in South Africa in the 1860s. Emphasis will be placed on the transformations of African societies following the discovery of minerals and the establishment of colonial rule in the region. The contribution of the colonial policies to the loss of political and economic sovereignty of these people will be examined in detail. The module also traces the evolution of the indigenous groups’ response to colonial rule from the violent primary resistance movements to moderate early protest movements, and nationalist politics right up to the radical and more violent liberation wars in the closing phases of colonial rule. The module further analyses the political and socio-economic developments in Southern Africa in the independence or post-colonial era focusing on issues of governance, African politics, civil wars, issues of human rights and democracy, economic instability, de-Industrialisation, corruption, growing poverty, migration and xenophobia. The emphasis of this course will be on understanding the roots of Southern African problems and encouraging students to find possible solutions to the challenges. There will be a shift from the approach of simply amassing knowledge to diagnosis of challenges, prescribing solutions and application of ideas to solving current problems

HHSH 241 Cultural Heritage Tourism and Development

This module examines the conceptual relationships that exist between culture and tourism. It analyses the demands of the cultural heritage tourism market looking at visitors’ wants and needs. It assesses the competitiveness of African countries in the sector. It analyses the diverse forms of cultural heritage attractions found in the context of Africa and whether these bode well with heritage visitorswants and needs. It assesses how we can balance heritage conservation use and tourism use to ensure a sustainable relationship is maintained in regard to heritage tourism development and management. The module also shows how communities living around the heritage sites can harness the proceeds that accrue from the sites near them for tourism development and general development in their areas.

 HHSH 242 Heritage Inventorying and Archiving

The purpose of this module is to enable students to demonstrate the relationship between documentation, monitoring and information management. The module aims to explore the difference between heritage inventory practices and data collection activities inventories. It will establish heritage record-keeping as an integral component of collections management and examines the various types of museum records and how they should be managed. It will also explore the role of heritage inventories in disaster preparedness and recovery. The module will also demonstrate how archive creation is a fundamental element at every stage of the archaeological and heritage management processes and discusses the socio-technical interactions that take place between people, information, and technology in heritage institutions.

HHSH 243 African Environmental Heritage

The module explores how the environment impacted human culture and how the environment was also shaped by human cultures. The module looks at the various methods and techniques that can be used to sustainably utilise heritage resources while at the same time benefiting concerned local communities. The module analyses and critiques the theoretical context of modern- day conservation which is framed within a western derived construct. The major aim is to enable students to develop cultural heritage conservation approaches which are African-informed. The module further exposes the challenges and dilemmas involved in attempting to develop heritage sites with and without the participation of communities. Case studies from selected countries in Africa will be used to demonstrate the complexity surrounding environmental management and sustainable development. The major principles and concepts of conservation as well as their evolution will be expounded.

HHSH 244 African Dance and Music

This module explores the early historical accounts of music and dance among Africans that can be found in oral literature that take different forms such as folk tales, myths, epics, praise poems and historical accounts of rituals. Music and dance in Africa have served both utilitarian and aesthetic functions. The utilitarian function involves the use of music in everyday activities, including music at the child’s naming ceremonies, child- rearing practices, initiation rites, agricultural activities, national ceremonies, war times, religious ceremonies and those meant for the dead. In most ceremonies, even death ceremonies, music and dance go together. The module lays the foundation for the students’ academic study of Zimbabwe’s indigenous music and dance genres that exist in oral tradition. The thrust of this module is to stimulate interests and develop students who appreciate the role of music in social, economic and political activities of society.

HHSH 246 The Military and Governance in Africa

The module attempts to analyze the role of the military in governance in Africa. The military has been a significant player in post-colonial African politics and governance and its role deserves thorough analysis. The module seeks to acquaint students with reasons why military rule and authoritarianism are contagious in Africa.

HHSH 247 Demography, Land and Agrarian Studies in Africa

The module examines pre-colonial and colonial agricultural systems as well as colonial land policies.  It compares white settler agriculture with peasant demographic and land policies and famine in Africa.  It ends with a comparative assessment of the agricultural performance of the postcolonial state in Africa.

HHSH 300 Student’s Work-Related Learning Placement Report

HHSH 301 Student’s Work-Related Learning Report                   

HHSH 302 Academic Supervisor’s Assessment Report                         

HHSH 303 Employer’s Assessment Report                                    

HHSH 431 Heritage Based Philosophy

The module focuses on entrepreneurial skills needed for the heritage industry in Zimbabwe. The main aim of the module is to debunk the western approaches to development and produce innovative students who can apply their sophisticated knowledge to their local environment. Africa and Zimbabwe in particular need local innovations which can compete in the world markets.  Students are provided with business and management skills that are peculiar to the Heritage industry so that the industry through its generation of tourism and leisure contributes to the growth of the economy.  The module considers culture more broadly like a human agency to produce meanings to everyday life. The module equips students with invention skills for new business models developed from the natural endowments of the country. 

HHSH 432 Culture, Heritage and Intellectual Property Rights

The module acquaints learners with knowledge of the laws governing the handling of both cultural and heritage products in Zimbabwe and Africa. It deals with indigenous and contemporary intellectual property rights accorded to cultural and natural heritage. Learners explore ways of indigenous and contemporary patenting that were and are meant to address intellectual rights to t cultural and natural goods. It exposes students to home grown and foreign-grown intellectual property rights. It deals with creations of the mind, inventions, literary artistic works, symbols, names and images used in commerce. They are exposed to cultural and heritage patents such as inventions, trademarks, industrial designs and geographical indications.

HHSH433 Indigenous Knowledge Systems

The module considers Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) in African Development. It examines the interaction of African IKS with the European system and the effect on both cultures. The module also examines the re-emergence of IKS in independent Africa and different theories of development. The module aims to examine the knowledge systems, ways of knowing and worldviews indigenous people in Africa have constructed and drawn upon in relation to the context in which they are situated. It also explores ways in which IKSs have been adopted to meet the contemporary imperatives of African people. The module more importantly reviews epistemological structures that distinguish IKSs from other knowledge systems, examines characteristics associated with IKSs of African people and analyses some of the cultural considerations that come into play as indigenous people become Westernised. The module also considers IKS in the contemporary world with advanced technological systems.  With the onset of the changing world with pandemics and disasters, the place of IKS shall be considered, especially in line with HIV/AIDS and the Covid-19 pandemic. The module makes the students appreciate the value of IKS in the contemporary world.

HHSH 434 Heritage Management and Sustainable Development

The module exposes students to how culture should be perceived not only as the development of arts-related activities or as protection and socialisation of the cultural heritage but also as everything associated with humanity and human development. This becomes an essential resource capable of improving the quality of life, ensuring sustainable development and democratic thinking based on the respect for human rights and democratic principles, solidarity, dignity, sharing and equity. Students are taught how to promote cultural approaches to sustainable development, the development of capacity-building programmes and the promotion of programmes with respect to bio-diversity conversation, geo –sciences and geo –ecology, land resources management, etc. The cultural approach, as a new shift in the development paradigm, recognises culture as a platform or as the foundation into which progress in the development of society is built.

HHSH 441 Conflict And Crisis Management in Africa

This module explores the various conflicts and crises that gripped Africa from the pre-colonial to the post-colonial period. It examines multi-faceted approaches to the management of conflicts and crises, and the level of success in these efforts. The module kick starts by looking at pre-colonial African societies in light of conflict and crises management. The interaction of the same African societies with Europeans shall be explored to establish the nature of relations, conflicts and crises during the period and how they were managed. The module also discusses conflicts and crises that culminated in the attainment of independence by African states. Post-colonial Africa and its conflicts and crises is also central to this module with issues of governance, democracy and human rights being on the fore. Mediation efforts by various players, including regional bodies and international organisations shall be considered. With the fast-changing global community, efforts shall be made to consider the crises of pandemics such as HIV/AIDS, Ebola, cholera and the more recent COVID-19 pandemic and the efforts made to combat the epidemics. Studies shall also include crises such as droughts, cyclones and earth tremors. This module makes the student appreciate the need for a peaceful and habitable continent amidst the various challenges faced in the contemporary world.

HHSH 442 Constitutionalism, Democracy and Human Rights in Africa

The module explores the evolution of constitutionalism, democracy and human rights issues in Africa from the pre-colonial to the post-independence period in Africa. It assesses the impact of constitutions on the democratic process and how African states have fostered adherence to constitutionalism, democracy and human rights. The relationship between constitutionalism, democracy and human rights is of fundamental importance in this module. Special attention shall be paid to the types of constitutions, constitution-making process and the challenges associated with the constitution-making process. This shall be linked to the notions of democracy and human rights as well as democratic dispensation in Africa. The module further explores issues of governance and the various benchmarks in African democracy such as rule of law, transparency, multi-partyism, as well as free and fair elections. Constitutionalism, democracy and human rights shall also be discussed in the face of the contemporary world where these are topical issues. The module also seeks to enlighten the students on a universal culture of good governance, democratic values, gender equality and respect for human rights and the rule of law.  This helps the students to understand how constitutionalism, democracy and human rights can be used in the promotion of sustainable growth and socio-economic and political cohesion in Africa.

HHSH 443 Marketing Cultural Heritage

The module deals with the marketing of cultural heritage which among other things include museums, galleries and cultural heritage landscapes. It focuses on aspects like market analysis, market research, market planning, marketing mix and marketing communications. The main aim of the module is to place cultural heritage institutions at a competitive advantage against competing players in the leisure and tourism industry.

HHSH 444 Zimbabwean History since Independence

The module focuses on the social, economic and political developments in Zimbabwe since independence. The achievements and failures of the post-colonial government are discussed with the view of building upon these issues for the achievement of a prosperous Zimbabwe. Historical and Heritage approach will be emphasised to examine the trajectories of the country with regard to its history, culture and heritage. Heroes and heroines and their contributions to the country will be discussed. By the end of the course, students are expected to be able to appreciate the successes and challenges that the country has been facing since independence and be able to suggest possible solutions to the country’s predicaments.

HHSH 445 Research Project

This is a paper of between 15 000-20 000 words, based on wide research with the assistance of a supervisor.  Its weight is equivalent to that of two core modules. The research project should be presented to a panel of the Departmental Board which determines its mark.